Have they nerfed the fleet size? I remember being able to get more than the 2K supply, and I thought that choosing the "large fleet" size at the beginning of the game gave you more than 2K supply. I also gained the 100 from the treaty upgrade, though that was mostly eaten up by the cost of the envoy cruisers.
It should, are you sure you set it to large that game?
They did nerf the supply pact, its main effect is that it reduces your upkeep now, so it is now cheaper to maintain big fleets. But otherwise it should be near identical to Diplomacy.
If its not enough for you, you can probably find a mod to increase it. Or if not other mods like my Enhanced 4X Mod have it as an optional mod you can use with it.