How to deal with culture issues:Upgrade your culture spreading tech. Put up culture structures Also...
Advent:move your capital closer to the front lines, build culture near the front lines. Build your superweapon, bomb THEIR front lines, bomb YOUR front lines, bomb their capital. Just ... keep firing wads of culture at strategically important location on top of the culture structures. Deliverance can be YOURS!
TEC:Build culture structures ... lots of them ... ANYWHERE (front lines is better still) and research the tech to reduce loss of culture from passing through a planet.
Vasari:Raid them, blow up their orbital structures. Use your superweapon to disable their structures for 3 minutes, then 3 minutes later, use it again. You may not have opera, but doggone it, you have salvage. This means you should wipe things out, even if they will only end up rebuilding them. You get PAID to be a thug, be a thug already. You ARE the UR-QUAN masters. Act like it. Mexican standoffs are not for you. Get some mutually assured destruction already. You get refunds, they do not.
Moving your capital is something people always hesitate to do, figuring it is not worth the cost. I have found it has significantly improved my success in culture conflicts and is worth it's weight in culture structures IF there is a cluster of planets of good enough quality that you are not taking a massive infrastructure hit. As the Advent, you can also use your superweapon to ensure your loyalty goes up a lot faster than it goes down near the former capital, allowing you to recoup your moving costs and more.
Even at 2:1 odds, culture is a war you can win, except maybe as the Vasari who really need to exterminate a nice buffer zone.
That said, I am relatively new to unfair difficulty, and have only had a handful of tussles with it on the culture front. Still, as TEC or (especially) Advent, you should be able to use culture to your advantage, though it comes at a cost of planet slots (which in the case of TEC could be even more uber space ports, but in the case of the Advent are less than impressive anyway)