FOR EVOLUTION TO HAVE OCCURRED IS VERY IMPROBABLE
In Fact, Evolution Is An Impossibility
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JoeUser Forums
Let’s evaluate the randomness of the spontaneous beginning of life and of all living things. The tool used to evaluate randomness is the mathematical concept of probability. The basic principle of probability is simple--If you have a coin with two sides, heads and tails, and toss it into the air, each side has a 50 percent chance of being on the top when the coin lands. This is the probability of a random event limited by two possible outcomes.
Theoretically, evolution occurs when there is an alteration to the genetic material of a plant or animal, and the change produces offspring with a better chance to survive. In animals, the changes take place in the genome, the genetic material of the sperm or egg cells of a parent, and are passed on to the next generation. In the human genome, there are four possible combinations of amino acids called nucleotides and there are 3.2 billion nucleotides. The possible combinations would be four times four times four--repeatedly multiplying by four a total of 3.2 billion times.
An international effort to unravel the structure of genetic material of humans, has determined that a genetic mutation of one billionth of a genome is always fatal. Therefore, for a human, a random change of three nucleotides is fatal, thereby ending any further possibility of evolution for that individual’s offspring.
Evolutionists claim that chimpanzees are the closest living relatives to man, with a difference of about 48 million nucleotides. This means at least 48 million random events must have occurred in exactly the right order for the evolutionary gap between man and his supposed common ancestor to have been spanned. Three changes in the genome during one generation would be fatal and stop the process. Therefore this number of changes would require a minimum of 24 million generations to achieve, assuming two changes happened during each generation.
These changes must occur in exactly the right order, and each step must produce either no noticeable change or provide the offspring with some sort of advantage. Any negative change would stop or prolong the process. Each change must occur in a gene that is passed on to an offspring, and the offspring must survive and must undergo some further sort of change and have offspring and so on for each of the 48 million genetic changes.
Since there are 3.2 billion nucleotides in the human genome, the probability of one particular nucleotide being altered is 3.2 billion to one. To determine the mathematical probability of the genetic changes necessary for the supposed evolution between chimps and people, it is necessary to multiply 3.2 billion times 48 million. The probability against the evolution from a common ancestor with chimps to modern man, using these figures, is 153,000,000,000,000,000 to 1. In plain English, that’s 153 quadrillion to one.
This mind-boggling number is only the tip of the iceberg. This example assumes all changes to genetic material would be positive when, in reality, fewer than 1 percent of genetic changes are beneficial. This example assumes each offspring would be successful in producing more offspring and that each generation would have two genetic improvements. It does not include any of the factors like mortality of offspring, unsuccessful reproductive attempts, the order of changes and many more variables, each of which would increase the odds against evolution by millions of times.
If a change anywhere in the chain of events proves to be detrimental, the entire process comes to a halt. For example, if a saber-tooth tiger eats one of the young prehistoric genetically altered monkey-men before it becomes a parent, the process is interrupted--the entire chain of events leading to that child comes to an end.
This represents only the changes that must occur starting with the supposed common ancestor of men and chimps and ending with the first modern man. What about the number of changes necessary to get from the first single cell, which is hypothesized to have taken life in the primordial ooze, until it evolved into this hypothetical chimp-like pre-man?
Such figures put evolution beyond the realm of improbability. Evolution is an impossibility.
Theoretically, evolution occurs when there is an alteration to the genetic material of a plant or animal, and the change produces offspring with a better chance to survive. In animals, the changes take place in the genome, the genetic material of the sperm or egg cells of a parent, and are passed on to the next generation. In the human genome, there are four possible combinations of amino acids called nucleotides and there are 3.2 billion nucleotides. The possible combinations would be four times four times four--repeatedly multiplying by four a total of 3.2 billion times.
An international effort to unravel the structure of genetic material of humans, has determined that a genetic mutation of one billionth of a genome is always fatal. Therefore, for a human, a random change of three nucleotides is fatal, thereby ending any further possibility of evolution for that individual’s offspring.
Evolutionists claim that chimpanzees are the closest living relatives to man, with a difference of about 48 million nucleotides. This means at least 48 million random events must have occurred in exactly the right order for the evolutionary gap between man and his supposed common ancestor to have been spanned. Three changes in the genome during one generation would be fatal and stop the process. Therefore this number of changes would require a minimum of 24 million generations to achieve, assuming two changes happened during each generation.
These changes must occur in exactly the right order, and each step must produce either no noticeable change or provide the offspring with some sort of advantage. Any negative change would stop or prolong the process. Each change must occur in a gene that is passed on to an offspring, and the offspring must survive and must undergo some further sort of change and have offspring and so on for each of the 48 million genetic changes.
Since there are 3.2 billion nucleotides in the human genome, the probability of one particular nucleotide being altered is 3.2 billion to one. To determine the mathematical probability of the genetic changes necessary for the supposed evolution between chimps and people, it is necessary to multiply 3.2 billion times 48 million. The probability against the evolution from a common ancestor with chimps to modern man, using these figures, is 153,000,000,000,000,000 to 1. In plain English, that’s 153 quadrillion to one.
This mind-boggling number is only the tip of the iceberg. This example assumes all changes to genetic material would be positive when, in reality, fewer than 1 percent of genetic changes are beneficial. This example assumes each offspring would be successful in producing more offspring and that each generation would have two genetic improvements. It does not include any of the factors like mortality of offspring, unsuccessful reproductive attempts, the order of changes and many more variables, each of which would increase the odds against evolution by millions of times.
If a change anywhere in the chain of events proves to be detrimental, the entire process comes to a halt. For example, if a saber-tooth tiger eats one of the young prehistoric genetically altered monkey-men before it becomes a parent, the process is interrupted--the entire chain of events leading to that child comes to an end.
This represents only the changes that must occur starting with the supposed common ancestor of men and chimps and ending with the first modern man. What about the number of changes necessary to get from the first single cell, which is hypothesized to have taken life in the primordial ooze, until it evolved into this hypothetical chimp-like pre-man?
Such figures put evolution beyond the realm of improbability. Evolution is an impossibility.
